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Notes Chapter II
The Dutch Emporium (1648-1790)

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Do Rego, pp. 6, 8.

Major sources for this section are Goslinga (especially Chapters 1 & 16), and do Rego.

Dunn, p.119.

Do Rego, p. 5.

Webster, p. 161.

Goslinga (1985), p. 207.

Sources for this section: Emmanuel, do Rego (Chapters 1-3), Goslinga (1985: especially Chapters 1, 3, 7 & 14), and Hartog (1968: Chapter 6).

This section relies heavily on the analysis of R. Römer (1987: Chapter 2) and do Rego (Chapter 3), as well as information from Emmanuel, Gomes Casseres (1990), Goslinga (1985: Chapters 7 and 14), and Hartog (1968; Chapter 6).

Hartog (1968), p. 134.

See Haviser (1987), Chapter 2.

See Williams, pp. 104-6.

Hartog (1968), p. 137.

See Gehring & Schiltkamp, eds., p. xiv.

Information about the Jews comes from Emmanuel & Emmanuel (especially Chapters 3, 5 & 10) and Gomes Casseres (1990), unless otherwise noted.

Hartog (1968), p. 133.

See Williams (Chapter 8).

Hartog (1968), p. 130.

Weber, p. 61.

Ibid, p. 62.

Goslinga (1985), p. 526.

For analysis of the role of freemen and women in slave societies throughout the Americas in this period, see David W. Cohen and Jack P. Greene, eds., Neither Slave nor Free: The Freedmen of African Descent in the Slave Societies in the New World (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1972).

Heuman, p. 145.

See Engerman & Higman. For complete documentation of manumissions between 1722 and 1863 see T. van der Lee, Curaçaose vrijbrieven: 1722-1863, met indices op namen van vrijgelatenen en hun voormalige eigenaren (The Hague, The Netherlands: Algemeen Rijksarcief, 1998).

Hartog (1968), p. 134.

Goslinga (1985), p. 527.

Engerman & Higman, p. 92.

See Beckles, p. 203.

For an analysis of Curaçao's most important slave rebellion, in 1795, see do Rego. For analysis and comparison of both revolts, see L. de Hoog, Van rebellie tot revolutie (Curaçao: University of the Netherlands Antilles, 1983). A. F. Paula, in 1795 de Slavenopstand op Curaçao (Curaçao: Central Historical Archives, 1974), has compiled a comprehensive collection of primary sources from the Central Historical Archives of the Netherlands Antilles related to the 1795 uprising.

Major sources for this section are Goslinga (1985: Chapter 14) and Hartog (1968: Chapter 6), as well as Prunetti Winkel (Chapter 2). For more information about the architecture of early Willemstad see also Bernard R. Budding, Van Punt en Snoa: Ontstaan en groei van WilIernstad, Curaçao, vanaf 1634, De Willemstad tussen 1700 & 1732 en de bouwgeschiedenis van de synagogue Mikvé Israël-Emanuel 1730-1732 ('s-Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands: Aldus Uitgevers, 1994) and Coomans, Heny E., et al, Building up the Future from the Past: Studies on the Architecture and Historic Monuments in the Dutch Caribbean (Zutphen, the Netherlands: De Walburg Press, 1990). Information about specific historic buildings can also be found in M.D. Ozinga, De Monumenten van Curaçao in Woord en Beeld (Curaçao: Stichting Monumentenzorg, 1959).

Hartog (1968), p. 136.

Sources for this section: Dunn (Chapter 6), Emmanuel & Emmanuel, Gomes Casseres (1976), Krieger (C:hapter 3),
Webster (Chapter 18), and Wolf (Chapter 4).

Webster, p. 163.

For a full account of Cassard's 1713 invasion and the merchants' response see Emmanuel & Emmanuel, pp. 104-110.

For more information about the attacks of British and French privateers against Curaçao throughout history see Felice Cardot (Chapters 6, 27 & 28) and Hartog (1968: Chapter 6).

Krieger, p. 120.

Source: Goslinga (1985), pp. 109-115.

Goslinga (1985), p. 541.

Ibid, p. 115.

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